🇬🇭GHA
Ghana
West Africa
Resource estimates and comparisons are evidence layers. For Nigeria, the primary experience is what the resources mean for people, communities, work, and accountability.
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West Africa
Resource estimates and comparisons are evidence layers. For Nigeria, the primary experience is what the resources mean for people, communities, work, and accountability.
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Export Ghana's resource data as JSON
Country
Ghana
Resources
13
Schema Version
v1.0.0
Exported
11/4/2026
{
"schema_version": "v1.0.0",
"exported_at": "2026-11-04T00:08:01.904Z",
"country": {
"name": "Ghana",
"iso2": "GH",
"iso3": "GHA",
"region": "West Africa",
"as_of": "2025-12-30",
"base_currency": "GHS",
"defaults": {
"recovery_factor": 0.7,
"government_take": 0.35,
"discount_rate": 0.12,
"time_horizon_years": 20
}
},
"resources": [
{
"id": "gh-gold",
"name": "Gold",
"category": "metal",
"type": "gold",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Africa's largest gold producer. Historic Ashanti goldfields. Major mines: Obuasi, Tarkwa, Ahafo. Newmont, AngloGold Ashanti, Gold Fields major operators.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-ashanti-gold-belt",
"name": "Ashanti Gold Belt",
"admin_areas": [
"Ashanti Region",
"Western Region"
],
"location": {
"lat": 6,
"lon": -2
},
"grade": {
"value": 3.5,
"unit": "g/t",
"notes": "High-grade underground and open-pit operations."
},
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "Obuasi (AngloGold), Tarkwa (Gold Fields). Established mining infrastructure.",
"risk": {
"security": 2,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 3,
"notes": "Illegal mining (galamsey) major problem. Community conflicts. Environmental degradation."
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "proved",
"quantity": {
"value": 1000,
"unit": "tonne",
"basis": "recoverable"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.8,
"notes": "Ghana produces ~130 tonnes gold annually. Africa's #1 producer.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Ghana Mineral Resources",
"publisher": "Minerals Commission",
"year": 2025,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 64000000,
"unit": "USD/tonne",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.85,
"government_take": 0.35,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 64000000000,
"state_value": 22400000000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-crude-oil",
"name": "Crude Oil",
"category": "energy",
"type": "conventional_oil",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Jubilee field discovered 2007, production from 2010. TEN field added 2016. Offshore Cape Three Points.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-jubilee-field",
"name": "Jubilee and TEN Fields",
"admin_areas": [
"Western Region",
"Offshore"
],
"location": {
"lat": 4.5,
"lon": -3
},
"grade": {
"value": 37,
"unit": "API_gravity",
"notes": "Light sweet crude."
},
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "FPSO units. Tullow Oil, Kosmos Energy, GNPC operators.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 2,
"notes": null
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "proved",
"quantity": {
"value": 660000000,
"unit": "bbl",
"basis": "recoverable"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.8,
"notes": "Production ~180k bpd. Penitentiary, Sankofa fields also producing.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Ghana Petroleum Resources",
"publisher": "Petroleum Commission",
"year": 2025,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 80,
"unit": "USD/bbl",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.8,
"government_take": 0.5,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 52800000000,
"state_value": 26400000000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-natural-gas",
"name": "Natural Gas",
"category": "energy",
"type": "natural_gas",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Associated gas from Jubilee field. Sankofa gas project supplies power plants. Reducing oil import for power.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-sankofa-gas",
"name": "Sankofa Gas Field",
"admin_areas": [
"Western Region",
"Offshore"
],
"location": {
"lat": 4.6,
"lon": -2.8
},
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": false,
"infrastructure_notes": "Pipeline to Takoradi power plants. ENI operator.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 2,
"notes": null
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "proved",
"quantity": {
"value": 1500,
"unit": "bcf",
"basis": "recoverable"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.75,
"notes": "Domestic gas for power generation priority.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Ghana Gas Resources",
"publisher": "Petroleum Commission",
"year": 2025,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 5000000,
"unit": "USD/bcf",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.85,
"government_take": 0.45,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 7500000000,
"state_value": 3375000000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-bauxite",
"name": "Bauxite",
"category": "metal",
"type": "bauxite",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Significant bauxite reserves. Awaso mine operational. Integrated Aluminium Development project planned.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-awaso-bauxite",
"name": "Awaso and Nyinahin Bauxite",
"admin_areas": [
"Western Region",
"Ashanti Region"
],
"location": {
"lat": 6.3,
"lon": -2.3
},
"grade": {
"value": 45,
"unit": "%Al2O3",
"notes": null
},
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "Ghana Bauxite Company at Awaso. Rail to Takoradi port.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 3,
"notes": "Nyinahin expansion controversial. Environmental and community concerns."
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "proved",
"quantity": {
"value": 900000000,
"unit": "tonne",
"basis": "in-place"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.75,
"notes": "Ghana has significant bauxite reserves. Integrated aluminum vision.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Bauxite Resources",
"publisher": "Minerals Commission",
"year": 2025,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 50,
"unit": "USD/tonne",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.75,
"government_take": 0.3,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 33750000000,
"state_value": 10125000000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-manganese",
"name": "Manganese",
"category": "metal",
"type": "manganese",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Ghana Manganese Company at Nsuta one of oldest manganese mines in world. High-grade carbonate ore.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-nsuta-manganese",
"name": "Nsuta Manganese Mine",
"admin_areas": [
"Western Region"
],
"location": {
"lat": 5.3,
"lon": -1.9
},
"grade": {
"value": 30,
"unit": "%Mn",
"notes": null
},
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "Rail to Takoradi port. Consolidated Minerals operator.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 2,
"notes": null
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "proved",
"quantity": {
"value": 50000000,
"unit": "tonne",
"basis": "recoverable"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.8,
"notes": "One of Africa's major manganese producers.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Manganese Resources",
"publisher": "Minerals Commission",
"year": 2025,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 300,
"unit": "USD/tonne",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.8,
"government_take": 0.3,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 15000000000,
"state_value": 4500000000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-diamonds",
"name": "Diamonds",
"category": "gemstone",
"type": "diamond",
"strategic": false,
"notes": "Historic diamond production. Akwatia deposits largely depleted. Artisanal mining continues.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-akwatia-diamonds",
"name": "Akwatia Diamond Field",
"admin_areas": [
"Eastern Region"
],
"location": {
"lat": 6.1,
"lon": -1
},
"dev_status": "artisanal",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "Largely artisanal mining. Former Ghana Consolidated Diamonds area.",
"risk": {
"security": 2,
"regulatory": 3,
"environmental": 3,
"notes": "Largely depleted. Artisanal mining. Conflict-free certification."
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "inferred",
"quantity": {
"value": 5000000,
"unit": "carat",
"basis": "recoverable"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.5,
"notes": "Industrial and gem quality. Production declined significantly.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Diamond Resources",
"publisher": "Minerals Commission",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 50,
"unit": "USD/carat",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.6,
"government_take": 0.25,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 250000000,
"state_value": 62500000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-iron-ore",
"name": "Iron Ore",
"category": "metal",
"type": "iron_ore",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Sheini and Oppong Manso deposits. Not yet in production. Integrated steel development planned.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-sheini-iron",
"name": "Sheini and Oppong Manso Iron Ore",
"admin_areas": [
"Northern Region",
"Ashanti Region"
],
"grade": {
"value": 50,
"unit": "%Fe",
"notes": null
},
"dev_status": "exploration",
"export_ready": false,
"infrastructure_notes": "Infrastructure development needed. Feasibility studies ongoing.",
"risk": {
"security": 2,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 2,
"notes": null
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "indicated",
"quantity": {
"value": 400000000,
"unit": "tonne",
"basis": "in-place"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.55,
"notes": "Potential for integrated steel industry.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Iron Ore Assessment",
"publisher": "Geological Survey",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 100,
"unit": "USD/tonne",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.7,
"government_take": 0.35,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 28000000000,
"state_value": 9800000000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-lithium",
"name": "Lithium",
"category": "metal",
"type": "lithium",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Emerging lithium sector. Ewoyaa deposit in Cape Coast area. Atlantic Lithium developing.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-ewoyaa-lithium",
"name": "Ewoyaa Lithium Project",
"admin_areas": [
"Central Region"
],
"location": {
"lat": 5.2,
"lon": -1.2
},
"grade": {
"value": 1.2,
"unit": "%Li2O",
"notes": null
},
"dev_status": "exploration",
"export_ready": false,
"infrastructure_notes": "Atlantic Lithium project. Near coast for export.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 2,
"notes": null
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "indicated",
"quantity": {
"value": 300000,
"unit": "tonne",
"basis": "in-place"
},
"as_of": "2025-01-01",
"confidence": 0.6,
"notes": "LCE. First lithium mine in Ghana under development.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Critical Minerals Report",
"publisher": "Minerals Commission",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": [
{
"scenario_id": "base",
"price": {
"value": 15000,
"unit": "USD/tonne",
"currency": "USD"
},
"recovery_factor": 0.7,
"government_take": 0.35,
"computed": {
"gross_value": 3150000000,
"state_value": 1102500000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-cocoa",
"name": "Cocoa",
"category": "agriculture",
"type": "cocoa",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "World's #2 cocoa producer after Côte d'Ivoire. Major export commodity. COCOBOD marketing board.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-ghana-cocoa",
"name": "Ghanaian Cocoa Belt",
"admin_areas": [
"Ashanti Region",
"Western Region",
"Eastern Region",
"Brong-Ahafo"
],
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "COCOBOD marketing. Tema and Takoradi ports.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 3,
"notes": "Climate affecting yields. Swollen shoot disease. Child labor concerns."
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "measured",
"quantity": {
"value": 800000,
"unit": "tonne",
"basis": "annual_production"
},
"as_of": "2024-12-31",
"confidence": 0.9,
"notes": "Annual production ~800k tonnes. ~$3B export revenue.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Cocoa Statistics",
"publisher": "COCOBOD",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": []
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-timber",
"name": "Timber/Forestry",
"category": "forestry",
"type": "timber",
"strategic": false,
"notes": "Tropical hardwoods. Deforestation a major concern. Sustainable forestry initiatives.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-ghana-forests",
"name": "Ghanaian Forest Reserves",
"admin_areas": [
"Western Region",
"Ashanti Region",
"Brong-Ahafo"
],
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "Sawmills, plywood factories. Export via Tema and Takoradi.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 3,
"environmental": 4,
"notes": "Illegal logging. Deforestation. EU FLEGT compliance required."
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "measured",
"quantity": {
"value": 500000000,
"unit": "cubic_metre",
"basis": "standing_volume"
},
"as_of": "2024-12-31",
"confidence": 0.6,
"notes": "8.6M ha forest. Sustainable harvest ~1M m³ annually.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Forest Resources",
"publisher": "Forestry Commission",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": []
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-fisheries",
"name": "Fisheries",
"category": "fisheries",
"type": "marine_freshwater",
"strategic": false,
"notes": "Important coastal and inland fisheries. Overfishing major concern. Lake Volta freshwater fishing.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-ghana-fisheries",
"name": "Ghanaian Fisheries",
"admin_areas": [
"Greater Accra",
"Central Region",
"Western Region",
"Volta Region"
],
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": "Tema fishing harbor. Artisanal canoe fisheries dominant.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 3,
"environmental": 4,
"notes": "Severe overfishing. IUU fishing. Stock depletion. Livelihoods at risk."
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "measured",
"quantity": {
"value": 400000,
"unit": "tonne",
"basis": "annual_catch"
},
"as_of": "2024-12-31",
"confidence": 0.7,
"notes": "Marine and freshwater combined. Declining catches.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Fisheries Statistics",
"publisher": "Fisheries Commission",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": []
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-arable-land",
"name": "Arable Land",
"category": "agriculture",
"type": "farmland",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Fertile land. Cocoa, cassava, maize, yams main crops. Volta region irrigation potential.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-ghana-farmland",
"name": "Ghanaian Agricultural Land",
"admin_areas": [
"Ashanti",
"Brong-Ahafo",
"Eastern",
"Northern",
"Volta"
],
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": true,
"infrastructure_notes": null,
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 2,
"notes": null
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "measured",
"quantity": {
"value": 15000000,
"unit": "hectare",
"basis": "total_farmland"
},
"as_of": "2024-12-31",
"confidence": 0.85,
"notes": "15M ha agricultural land. ~7M ha cultivated. Small-holder dominated.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Agricultural Census",
"publisher": "Ghana Statistical Service",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": []
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "gh-freshwater",
"name": "Freshwater Resources",
"category": "water",
"type": "freshwater",
"strategic": true,
"notes": "Volta Lake (largest artificial lake in world by surface area). Rainfall variable. Northern regions water stressed.",
"occurrences": [
{
"id": "gh-ghana-freshwater",
"name": "Ghanaian Freshwater Systems",
"admin_areas": [
"Volta Region",
"Ashanti",
"Northern",
"Greater Accra"
],
"dev_status": "producing",
"export_ready": false,
"infrastructure_notes": "Akosombo Dam. Kpong Dam. Urban water supply systems.",
"risk": {
"security": 1,
"regulatory": 2,
"environmental": 3,
"notes": "Seasonal variability. Urban water supply challenges. Pollution concerns."
},
"reserve_estimates": [
{
"quality": "measured",
"quantity": {
"value": 53,
"unit": "km3",
"basis": "renewable"
},
"as_of": "2024-12-31",
"confidence": 0.75,
"notes": "Annual renewable freshwater. Volta Lake 150 km³ storage.",
"sources": [
{
"title": "Water Resources",
"publisher": "Water Resources Commission",
"year": 2024,
"type": "gov_report"
}
],
"valuation_scenarios": []
}
]
}
]
}
]
}